Engineering is a vast field of study and work, which makes it a top place to seek job opportunities. There are numerous types of engineering positions within this sector that also offer a varied and exciting career pathway. Some of the most common places to find engineers include construction, chemical processing, and manufacturing. At the same time, there are plenty of other industries that utilize this occupation.
The variety of jobs means there is a wealth of options for anyone looking to enter this career. There are also options for individuals at all levels, including entry-level positions and senior roles. If you’re entering the world of engineering or looking to change careers, it can be challenging to know which route to take. You may also be asking what qualifications you need and whether the experience is required.
Read on to find out more about careers in engineering and how you can succeed in this rewarding sector.
Types of Engineering Jobs
There are many different types of engineers. However, below are some of the most common roles:
Electrical Engineer
Most people have heard of one of the most famous electrical engineers of our time, Thomas Edison. There are many other iconic names in the industry, and all have common ground. They are passionate about electric-powered technology and machines. A job in electrical engineering places you at the heart of this. You’ll be working with everything from components to electronic systems and everything in between.
Many engineers in this field typically specialize in specific areas. Some of the primary jobs include developing and designing systems and equipment to enhance technology. Other aspects include monitoring, testing, and production of electronic products and systems.
The average annual wage for electrical and electronics engineers is $103,390. According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the sector is also expected to grow 7% between 2020 and 2030.
Mechanical Engineer
Mechanical engineers have a varied role in the industry. One avenue could look at aviation, another car components. The job is diverse and exciting. Much like other engineers, these roles involve developing and designing from initial ideation through to useable products.
Mechanical engineers utilize both technical and creative abilities and are well-versed in software such as computer-aided design (CAD) programs. If you choose a career in this area, you can expect to find jobs across industries such as aerospace, robotics, automotive, and nanotechnology fields.
The average annual wage for mechanical engineers is $90,160. The sector is also expected to grow 7% between 2020 and 2030, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Chemical Engineer
Chemical engineers typically have a background in science and are utilized for their expertise in getting the best raw materials for different types of products. These job roles work in many areas such as food processing, the chemical industry, and pharmaceuticals.
If you’re interested in a career in this area, a master’s degree is often a prerequisite. However, individuals with the right qualifications and experience are sought-after due to the wide variety of industries that require innovative products.
The average annual wage for chemical engineers is $108,540. The sector is also expected to grow 9% between 2020 and 2030, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Civil Engineer
Civil engineers are one of the most recognized professions in the industry. These types of jobs revolve around infrastructure and buildings. For example, if you think about the road systems and bridges close to where you live, a civil engineer has contributed to these designs.
Civil engineers are important to the way we live and use everyday systems. This role is utilized by the public and private sectors and is a rewarding and interesting occupation at all levels.
The average annual wage for electrical and electronics engineers is $88,570. The sector is also expected to grow 8% between 2020 and 2030, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Environmental Engineer
With sustainability and the environment a concern for future years, ecological engineers have never been more critical. These roles involve finding solutions to problems that face the natural world and how we live within it. A significant part of this job also identifies ways to improve quality of life without compromising on everyday things.
This career choice is a popular option for anyone looking to experience a varied and evolving role. Some key areas of employment for environmental engineers include waste management, water pollution, and disaster risk management.
The average annual wage for environmental engineers is $92,120. The sector is also expected to grow 4% between 2020 and 2030, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Engineering Management
Within each of the above occupations, there are numerous roles including senior positions. As an engineer, management jobs require a varied skill set outside of the traditional technical and creative attributes. To enter a senior role, specific training and experience are needed to lead a team and manage projects well.
These roles are suited to people who have been in the profession for many years and are looking for natural progression. Engineering managers are utilized across all industries and contribute to efficient and consistent workflows in the public and private sectors.
The average annual wage for engineering managers is $149,530. The sector is also expected to grow 4% between 2020 and 2030, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Other engineering professions
There are hundreds of jobs within the engineering field, and the above highlight some of the top options. Other key areas to consider include:
- Aerospace engineering
- Agricultural engineering
- Architectural engineering
- Software engineering
- Nuclear engineering
- Marine engineering
The average growth of the whole sector is expected to be 6% between 2020 and 2030. With innovation and environmental elements taking the lead, sectors such as renewable energy, infrastructure and robotics are a great place to hunt for a new role.
The median wage for engineering professions is $83,160 compared to the national average of $41,950, so it’s a great place to start your career.
What Qualifications Are Required To Become An Engineer?
As you’ve seen above, the variety of jobs in engineering opens up a wealth of opportunities for all experience levels. In addition, in some sectors, there is the option of starting from the bottom with a college diploma or entering higher positions with a master’s degree.
Higher education is a must for specialist roles, and experience is also sought-after in many positions. According to the statistics, the general entry-level for engineering jobs is a bachelor’s degree. This level of education provides the foundations for many careers. In addition, it gives you a chance to specialize later in your career.
To go further, a master’s degree and professional certification are generally required. For example, if you’re looking to progress to management roles, taking a course in engineering management is a great option. This program is designed to equip you with the skills you need to get the balance between engineering and business acumen. If you already work in engineering, a great way to boost your expertise is to study while you work. Check out some of the best online masters in engineering management programs here to see what they entail.
Do I Need Experience To Become An Engineer?
Naturally, the level of experience required depends on the type of role you apply for. For lower entry jobs, employers don’t expect you to be an expert in the field. However, you will need extensive experience in a related area at senior positions.
If you’re new to the profession, it is an excellent idea to get work experience to help boost your application. If you study a degree course, internships and work placements are often available to improve your practical experience. Interning at an engineering company for a few months also gives you an insight into the type of sector you’d like to move into.
It’s best to apply early for these opportunities as competition is fierce. If there is a particular company you’d like to work for, don’t be afraid to put yourself forward. Some firms don’t advertise placements or may not be immediately looking for someone. Still, an introduction can go a long way. It also shows initiative and drives to start your journey on a positive footing.
What Skills Are Needed For Engineering?
Alongside qualifications and experience, engineers should possess a range of skills to succeed in the role. Some are natural attributes, while others can be learned through study and application.
Check out the top skills required:
#1: Problem-solving skills
Most engineering tasks are based on solving everyday problems. This skill is vital for ensuring individuals stay clear-headed to find the best solutions. For example, you may be faced with a machine malfunction that requires a quick fix. The process of repairing it would include assessing the situation and fault, repairing it then testing.
While these steps sound simple, the complexity of equipment and avoiding future malfunctions can present challenges for any engineer. However, with good problem-solving skills, you can work through scenarios to find fast and effective solutions.
#2: Technical skills
Most of your technical skills in engineering are learned through initial study. But in reality, even the most technically minded individual doesn’t have all the answers from a book. Experience is essential for excellent technical skills. Putting your knowledge into practice in real-world situations ensures you get to grips with unique issues that might arise.
#3: Teamwork and collaboration
Every type of engineering career requires teamwork. While some projects could be individual jobs, most require collaboration with colleagues and management. This is also important if you manage a team.
Learning how to speak and interpret information to all levels of staff is vital to ensure a consistent approach. Skills that are important in teamwork are communication, listening, delegating, and negotiating.
#4: Attention to detail
To the untrained eye, many engineering issues would go unnoticed. However, to an engineering professional, you need to harness the power of meticulous attention to detail. Errors could cost companies significant sums of money if not picked up, and in extremes, some could cause harm.
Attention to detail is something that is honed throughout your career and practical experience. In a job, you’ll understand the complexities and requirements of a task to ensure no stone is unturned.
#5: Computer skills
We all live in a digital world, so using computers is a natural part of life for many. These skills are vital for engineering roles, as you’ll be using software for different projects. Key programs used in this field include computer aided design (CAD) which incorporates 2D and 3D modeling. This software is utilized on a degree course, and further training is typically undertaken in the work environment.
#6: Coping with pressure
The ability to work under pressure is another skill needed by engineers. While some tasks go to plan, others present unpredictable results and can lead to stressful situations. Keeping calm is vital to create solutions accurately. Employers need to see that you can work within complex scenarios by remaining level-headed to see the project through.
This can be hard to show on a resume, but giving examples of previous work-related challenges in an interview will enhance your application.
#7: Creative skills
There’s a common misconception that engineering is purely academic-based, as science, technology, and mathematics play a vital role. However, engineers also need to showcase creativity in their work as the design is a major part of many jobs. Creativity comes in many forms, and it doesn’t traditionally look like an art form. Many engineering projects are unique and inspiring in a non-conventional way.
#8: Leadership skills
Leadership skills aren’t just crucial for management; they’re a key part of all team dynamics. There are several scenarios where individuals need to step up to the task to support colleagues and report back to seniority. This is a skill that comes naturally to some. However, studying a management course can also enhance it.
The Next Step
If you’re considering a job in engineering, there are many pathways to choose from. Research your options, get some experience, and choose the best education to boost your prospects to get the best start.
